"A look at the net migration (i.e immigration minus emigration) figures shows that Turkey was a typical emigration country for decades. It has had a quiet substantial negativ [sic] migration balance. In the times of high emigration to Western Europe (especially Germany) Turkey has lost about 70 thousand people per year in the 1960s and even substantially more in the first half of the 1980s. Today, however, it reaches almost a balance between emigration and immigration." (Quoted from paper)